词目 ：豆豉 拼音 ：dòu chǐ 基本解释 [fermented soya beans;black bean sauce] 把黄豆或黑豆泡透蒸熟或煮熟,经过发酵而成的食品,可以调味,也可入药 详细解释 一种豆制食品。一般用大豆或黑豆蒸煮以后，经发酵制成，多用于调味。 北魏 贾思勰 《齐民要术·作豉》“作麦豉法”自注：“香美乃胜豆豉。” 杨明显 《故都风味小吃》：“它（指卤煮小肠）的作法是……用清水淘洗几次，然后用一百度开的沸水煮，配上去腥味的八角茴香，花椒大料瓣儿，快熟时再放落上好的口蘑酱油，豆豉。” [编辑本段]豆豉的药用和营养价值 豆豉（音chǐ ）是一种用黄豆或黑豆泡透蒸（煮）熟，发酵制成的食品，主要产于重庆市永川区，重庆没有直辖以前（四川省永川市）。 豆豉，是我国传统发酵豆制品。古代称豆豉为“幽菽”，也叫“嗜”。最早的记载见于汉代刘熙《释名·释饮食》一书中，誉豆豉为“五味调和，需之而成”。公元2至5世纪的《食经》一书中还有“作豉法”的记载。古人不但把豆豉用于调味，而且用于入药，对它极为看重。 《汉书》、《史记》、《齐民要术》、《本草纲目》等，都有此记载。据记载，豆豉的生产，最早是由江西泰和县流传开来的，后经不断发展和提高，使豆豉成为独具特色，成为人们所喜爱的调味佳品，而且传到海外。我国台湾人称豆豉为“荫豉”，日本人称豆豉为“纳豉”，东南亚各国也普遍食用豆豉。 豆豉按原料分有“黑豆豆豉”和“黄豆豆豉”两种。以黑褐色或黄褐色、鲜美可口、咸淡适中、回甜化渣、具豆豉特有豉香气者为佳。 豆豉含有丰富的蛋白质(20％)、脂肪(7％)和碳水化合物(25％)，且含有人体所需的多种氨基酸，还含有多种矿物质和维生素等营养物质。 豆豉还以其特有的香气使人增加食欲，促进吸收。我国在抗美援朝战争中，曾大量生产豆豉供应志愿军食用。 豆豉不仅能调味，而且可以入药。中医学认为豆豉性平，味甘微苦，有发汗解表、清热透疹、宽中除烦、宣郁解毒之效，可治感冒头痛、胸闷烦呕、伤寒寒热及食物中毒等病症。 豆豉一直广泛使用于中国烹调之中。可用豆豉拌上麻油及其他作料作助餐小菜；用豆豉与豆腐、茄子、芋头、萝卜等烹制菜肴别有风味；著名的“麻婆豆腐”、“炒回锅肉”等均少不了用豆豉作调料。广东人更喜欢用豆豉作调料烹调粤菜，如“豉汁排骨”、“豆豉鲮鱼”和焖鸡、鸭、猪肉、牛肉等，尤其是炒田螺时用豆豉作调料，风味更佳。 豆豉用陶瓷器皿密封盛载为宜。这样可保存较长时间，香气也不会散发掉。但忌生水入侵，以防豆豉发霉变质。 我国较为有名的豆豉有：云南双柏的妥甸豆豉、广东阳江豆豉、开封西瓜豆豉、广西黄姚豆豉、山东八宝豆豉、四川潼川豆豉和永川豆豉、湖南浏阳豆豉等、陕西汉中香辣豆豉和风干豆豉等。 [编辑本段]豆豉的性味归经和宜忌 性味性平，味咸。 归经归肺、胃经。 功效和胃，除烦，解腥毒，去寒热。 宜：豆豉作为家常调味品，适合烹饪鱼肉时解腥调味。豆豉又是一味中药，风寒感冒，怕冷发热，寒热头痛，鼻塞喷嚏，腹痛吐泻者宜食；胸膈满闷，心中烦躁者宜食。 忌：豆豉性味平和，诸无所忌。 [编辑本段]豆豉加工工艺及质量标准 豆豉富含蛋白质、各种氨基酸、乳酸、磷、镁、钙及多种维生素，色香味美，具有一定的保健作用，我国南北部都有加工食用。但若不注意加工艺，会致使品质下降，甚至霉变，造成经济损失。 一、工艺流程 黑豆→筛选→洗涤→浸泡→沥干（TY－Ⅱ）→蒸煮→冷却→接种→制曲→洗豉→浸FeSO4→拌盐→发酵→晾干→成品（干豆豉） 二、操作要点 （一）原料处理1．原料筛选:择成熟充分、颗粒饱满均匀、皮薄肉多、无虫蚀、无霉烂变质、并且有一定新鲜度的黑大豆为宜。2．洗涤: 用少量水多次洗去大豆中混有的砂粒杂质等。3．浸泡: 浸泡的目的是使黑豆吸收一定水分，以便在蒸料时迅速达到适度变性；使淀粉质易于糊化，溶出霉菌所需要的营养成分；供给霉菌生长所必需的水分。浸泡时间不宜过短。当大豆吸收率<67％时，制曲过程明显延长，且经发酵后制成的豆豉不松软。若浸泡时间延长，吸收率>95％时，大豆吸水过多而胀破失去完整性，制曲时会发生“烧曲”现象。经发酵后制成的豆豉味苦，且易霉烂变质。因此，我们在生产加工中应选择浸泡条件为40℃、150分钟，使大豆粒吸收率在82％，此时大豆体积膨胀率为130％。4．蒸煮:蒸煮目的是破坏大豆内部分子结构，使蛋白质适度变性，易于水解，淀粉达到糊化程度，同时可起到灭菌的作用。确定蒸煮条件为1kgf／cm2，15分钟或常压150分钟。 （二）制曲制曲的目的是使煮熟的豆粒在霉菌的作用下产生相应的酶系。在酿造过程中产生丰富的代谢产物，使豆豉具有鲜美的滋味和独特风味。 把蒸煮后大豆出锅，冷却至35℃左右，接种沪酿3·042或TY－Ⅱ，接种量为0．5％，拌匀入室，保持室温28℃，16小时后每隔6小时观察。制曲22小时左右进行第一次翻曲，翻曲主要是疏松曲料，增加空隙，减少阻力，调节品温，防止温度升高而引起烧曲或杂菌污染。28小时进行第二次翻曲。翻曲适时能提高制曲质量，翻曲过早会使发芽的孢子受抑，翻曲过迟，会因曲料升温引起细菌污染或烧曲。当曲料布满菌丝和**孢子时，即可出曲。一般制曲时间为34小时。 （三）发酵豆豉的发酵，就是利用制曲过程中产生的蛋白酶分解豆中的蛋白质，形成一定量的氨基酸、糖类等物质，赋予豆豉固有的风味。 1．洗豉：豆豉成曲表面附着许多孢子和菌丝，含有丰富的蛋白质和酶类，如果孢子和菌丝不经洗除，继续残留在成曲的表面，经发酵水解后，部分可溶和水解，但很大部分仍以孢子和菌丝的形态附着在豆曲表面，特别是孢子有苦涩味，会给豆豉带来苦涩味，并造成色泽暗淡。 2．加青矾，使豆变成黑色，同时增加光亮。 3．浸焖：向成曲中加入18％的食盐、0．02％的青矾和适量水，以刚好齐曲面为宜，浸焖12小时。 4．发酵：将处理好的豆曲装入罐中至八、九成满，装时层层压实，置于28℃～32℃恒温室中保温发酵。发酵时间控制在15天左右。 （四）晾干豆豉发酵完毕，从罐中取出置于一定温度的空中晾干，即为成品。 三、质量标准 （一）感官指标 1．色泽：黑褐色、油润光亮。 2．香气：酱香、酯香浓郁无不良气味。 3．滋味：鲜美、咸淡可口，无苦涩味。 4．体态：颗粒完整、松散、质地较硬。 （二）理化指标 1．水分：不低于18．54％；2．蛋白质：27．61g／100g；3．氨基酸：1．6g／100g；4．总酸（以乳酸计）3．11g／100g；5．盐分（以氯化钠计）14g／100g；6．非盐固形物：29g／100g；7．还原糖（以葡萄糖计）：2．09g／100g。 [编辑本段]相关历史 豆豉约创制于春秋、战国之际。《楚辞.招魂》中有“大苦咸酸”，根据注释大苦即为豆豉。另有一种说法认为先秦文献无豆豉，当是秦汉之际出现。《史记.货殖列传》始见豆豉记述。 《齐民要术》载有制作豆豉的技法。东汉开始用作药物。以后历代食籍、药籍均有关于豆豉的记述。至今仍为重要调味料之一。唐代时，豆豉传入日本，成为纳豆。
菜名翻译 急！！！答得快又准者分数追加 谢谢
蚝汁鲍鱼片 fried abalone slices with oyster sauce
蚝油焖鲍鱼 stewed abalone slices with oyster sauce
红烧鲍鱼 braised abalone with soy sauce
红烧酥鲍 braised abalone with soy sauce
红烧鲜鲍 braised fresh abalone with soy sauce
黄焖干鲍 braised abalone with brown sauce
红炖紫鲍 braised abalone garnished with green vegetables
白扒鲍鱼 braised abalone with white sauce
鸡茸金钱鲍 fricassee abalone with minced chicken
鸡茸炒鲍丝 fried abalone shreds with minced chicken
鸡片鲍鱼 fried abalone with sliced chicken
鸡翅鲍鱼片 braised abalone slices with chicken wings
鸡球鲍脯 braised abalone with chicken balls
冬菇鲍鱼 braised abalone with black mushrooms
蘑菇鲍脯 braised abalone with fresh mushrooms
鸡油鲍鱼磨菇 fried abalone and mushrooms with chicken fat
鸡汁鲍鱼鱼翅 steamed abalone with shark‘s fins in chicken soup
蚝油小鲍鱼 fried awabi with oyster sauce
面拖牡蛎 oyster fritters
白灼螺片 fried sliced whelk
鸡肉螺片 fried sliced whelk with chicken
凤肝螺片 fried sliced whelk with chicken liver
蚝油干贝 fried dried scallops with oyster sauce
油爆干贝 fried dried scallops with choice vegetables
白汁干贝 stewed dried scallops with white sauce
鸡冻干贝 fricassee scallop in chicken mousse
冷菜类 cold dish
冷菜 cold dish
凉菜 cold dish
冷盘 cold dish
拼盘 assorted cold foods; hors d‘oeuvres; assorted appetizers
凉拼盘 assorted cold foods; hors d‘oeuvres; assorted appetizers
冷拼盘 assorted cold foods; hors d‘oeuvres; assorted appetizers
什锦小吃 assorted cold foods; hors d‘oeuvres; assorted appetizers
叉烧肉 roast pork fillet
白肉 plain boiled pork
酱肉 braised pork with soy sauce; spiced pork
酱猪肉 braised pork with soy sauce; spiced pork
酱肘子 braised pork shoulder with soy sauce; spiced pork shoulder
酱猪肘 braised pork leg with soy sauce; spiced pork leg
盐水肝 boiled liver with salt; salted liver
咸水肝 boiled liver with salt; salted liver
酱肚 braised pork tripe with soy sauce
红油肚丝 boiled shredded tripes with chilli/chili oil
凉拌肚丝 shredded tripes with soy sauce
拌肚丝 shredded tripes with soy sauce
凉拌腰片 boiled liver with salt; salted liver
拌腰片 boiled liver with salt; salted liver
炝腰花泡菜 boiled kidney with pickled vegetables
酱牛肉 braised beef with soy sauce; spiced beef
红油牛筋 boiled beef tendons with chilli/chili oil
盐水羊肉 boiled mutton with salt; salted mutton
咸水羊肉 boiled mutton with salt; salted mutton
凉拌鸡丝 shredded chicken with soy sauce
拌鸡丝 shredded chicken with soy sauce
白油鸡 steamed chicken
白切油鸡 sliced steamed chicken
白片鸡 sliced steamed chicken
盐水鸡 boiled chicken with salt; salted chicken
咸水鸡 boiled chicken with salt; salted chicken
童子油鸡 boiled tender chicken with soy sauce; soy tender chicken
白沾鸡 boiled tender chicken with soy sauce; soy tender chicken
白斩鸡 boiled tender chicken with soy sauce; soy tender chicken
蚝油白鸡 boiled chicken with oyster sauce
白露鸡 plain boiled chicken with mustard
白片鸡 boiled tender chicken slices
红油鸡丁 boiled diced chicken with chilli/chili soil
麻辣鸡 boiled chicken with chilli/chili and wild pepper sauce
卤鸡 boiled chicken with spices; spiced chicken;
pot－stewed chicken in soy sauce
卤鸡杂 boiled chicken giblets with spices; spiced chicken giblets
酱鸡 braised chicken with soy sauce
酱鸭 braised duck with soy sauce
盐水鸭 boil duck with salt; salted duck
咸水鸭 boil duck with salt; salted duck
盐水鸭肝 boiled duck liver with salt; salted duck liver
咸水鸭肝 boiled duck liver with salt; salted duck liver
卤鸭 boiled duck with spices; spiced duck;
pot－stewed duck in soy sauce
卤鸭翅 boiled duck wings with spices; spiced duck wings
姜芽鸭片 boiled sliced duck with ginger
红油鸭丁 boiled diced duck with chilli/chili oil
红油鸭掌 boiled duck webs with chilli/chili oil
拌鸭掌 duck webs with soy sauce; soy duck webs
腌鱼 salted fish
咸鱼 salted fish
熏鱼 smoked fish
糟鱼 pickled fish with distilled grains liquor dregs;
pickled fish with wine; pickled fish
姜汁鱼片 boiled fish slices with ginger sauce
红油鱼肚 boiled fish maw with chilli/chili oil
红油虾片 boiled prawn slices with chilli/chili oil
盐水大虾 boiled prawns with salt; salted prawns
咸水大虾 boiled prawns with salt; salted prawns
盐水虾 boiled shrimps with salt; salted shrimps
咸水虾 boiled shrimps with salt; salted shrimps
凉拌海带 shredded kelp with soy sauce
拌海带 shredded kelp with soy sauce
凉拌海蛰 shredded jelly－fish with soy sauce
拌海蛰 shredded jelly－fish with soy sauce
小葱拌豆腐 bean curd mixed with chopped green onion
凉拌豆芽菜 bean sprouts salad
凉拌干丝 shredded dried bean curd salad
卤香干 boiled bean cheese with spices; spicy bean cheese
酸黄瓜 pickled cucumber
酱黄瓜 pickled cucumber with soy sauce
辣黄瓜 pickled cucumber with chilli/chili sauce
泡菜 pickles; pickled vegetables; sauerkraut
朝鲜泡菜 kimchi
酱菜 pickles; pickled vegetables
小菜 pickles; pickled vegetables
咸菜 pickles; salted vegetables
酸菜 pickled Chinese cabbage
油炸花生 fried peanuts
油氽花生 fried peanuts
炸花生 fried peanuts
烤花生 baked peanuts
咸花生 salted peanuts
酱蛋 pickled egg
茶叶蛋 boiled egg with tea and soy sauce
松花蛋 preserved duck egg
咸鸭蛋 salted duck egg
炸酱肉丁 fried pork dices with soya bean paste
酱爆肉丁 stir－fried diced pork with bean sauce;
quick－fried diced pork with soybean paste
宫爆肉丁 stir－fried diced pork with chilli/chili sauce and peanuts
板酱肉丁 stir－fried iced pork with chilli/chili sauce
辣子肉丁 stir－fried diced pork with green pepper
青椒肉丁 stir－fried diced pork with green pepper
青豆肉丁 stir－fried diced pork with green peas
炒肉片 stir－fried pork slices
脆皮锅酥肉 deep fried pork slices
焦熘肉片 crisp fried pork slices with sauce
回锅辣白肉 stir－fried boiled pork slices with hot sauce;
twice－cooked pork slices with hot sauce
回锅肉 stir－fried boiled pork slices with hot sauce;
twice－cooked pork slices with hot sauce
炒木须肉 stir－fried pork slices with eggs and fungi;
stir－fried pork slices with scrambled eggs
木须肉 stir－fried pork slices with eggs and fungi;
stir－fried pork slices with scrambled eggs
糖醋古老肉 fried pork slices with sweet and sour sauce
古老肉 fried pork slices with sweet and sour sauce
青椒肉片 fried pork slices with green pepper
葱烹白肉 fried pork slices with leeks
葱爆肉粉条 fried pork slices and bean starch vermicelli with leeks
清炸里脊 fried pork fillet slices with leeks
葱爆里脊 fried pork fillet slices with leeks
葱爆里脊丁 fried diced tenderloin with scallion
酱爆里脊肉 fried diced tenderloin with soybean paste
酱炸里脊丁 fried diced tenderloin with soy sauce
糖醋里脊 fried pork fillet slices with sweet and sour sauce
软炸里脊 soft－fried pork fillet slices
铁扒里脊 grilled pork fillet slices
豆腐烧肉片 stewed sliced pork with bean curd
腐乳汁烧肉 stewed pork with preserved bean curd
糟肉 steamed preserved pork with distilled grains liquor dregs
米粉蒸肉 steamed pork slices with glutinous rice flour;
steamed pork slices with ground glutinous rice
粉蒸肉 steamed pork slices with glutinous rice flour;
steamed pork slices with ground glutinous rice
米粉肉 steamed pork slices with glutinous rice flour;
steamed pork slices with ground glutinous rice
荷叶米粉蒸肉 steamed pork slices with glutinous rice flour wrapped in lotus
leaves; steamed rice－flour－coated pork wrapped in lotus leaves
冬菜扣肉 steamed pork slices with spicy cabbage
青椒塞肉 steamed green pepper stuffed with minced pork
扒白条 braised pork slices
红烧猪肉 braised pork with soy sauce; braised pork with soy sauce
红烧肉 braised pork with soy sauce; braised pork with soy sauce
栗子红烧肉 braised pork with chestnuts
烩里脊丝 braised tenderloin shreds
酱爆白肉 stir－fried pork with soybean paste
炒肉丝 stir－fried shredded pork
芙蓉肉丝 stir－fried shredded pork with egg－white sauce;
stir－fried shredded pork with egg－white
鱼香肉丝 stir－fried pork shreds with chilli/chili sauce
冬笋炒肉丝 stir－fried pork shreds with bamboo shoots;
stir－fried shredded pork with bamboo shoots
冬笋肉丝 stir－fried pork shreds with bamboo shoots;
stir－fried shredded pork with bamboo shoots
肉丝炒青椒 stir－fried pork shreds with green pepper
蔬菜肉丝 stir－fried shredded pork with vegetables
榨菜肉丝 stir－fried shredded pork with hot pickled tuber mustard
炒腊肉 stir－fried cured pork
炸猪肉串 pork shashlik
煎猪肉串 pork shashlik
炸丸子 fried pork balls
红烧狮子头 stewed large pork ball with brown sauce
冬瓜火腿 stewed sliced ham with white gourd
火腿酿冬瓜 stewed ham－stuffed white gourd
冰糖蜜灸火腿 stewed ham with crystal sugar
炒猪肝 stir－fried pig‘s liver
炒肝尖 stir－fried pig‘s liver
熘肝尖 quick－fried liver with distilled grains sauce
软炸猪肝 soft－fried pig‘s liver
清炸猪肝 fried pig‘s liver
炸腰花 fried pig‘s kidney
炒双脆 fried kidney with pork tripe
炒腰花 stir－fried pig‘s kidney; fried sliced pig‘s kidney
炒腰肝 stir－fried pig‘s kidney and liver
椒麻腰片 steamed sliced kidney with hot sauce
鸡熘爆肚 fried pork tripe with chicken
双片锅巴 sliced pork and liver with fried rice crust
红烧蹄筋 braised pork tendons with soy sauce;
braised pork tendons with brown sauce
椒盐排骨 fried pork ribs with pepper sauce
豉汁排骨 fried spareribs with black bean sauce
糖醋排骨 fried spareribs with sweet and sour sauce
炒什件 fried mixed meat
烤乳猪 roast piglet; roast suckling pig
猪杂碎 chopsuey; cooked chopped entrails of pigs; cooked chopped entrails
杂碎 chopsuey; cooked chopped entrails of pigs; cooked chopped entrails
杂烩 chopsuey; cooked chopped entrails of pigs; cooked chopped entrails
)牛肉 beef
腌牛肉 salted beef; corn beef
米粉蒸牛肉 steamed beef with glutinous rice flour
粉蒸牛肉 steamed beef with glutinous rice flour
蒸牛肉丸 steamed beef balls
咖喱牛肉 fried beef with curry
葱爆牛肉 fried beef with leeks
芝麻牛肉 fried beef with sesame
茄汁牛肉 fried beef with tomato sauce
滑蛋牛肉 fried beef with scrambled eggs
干煸牛肉 dry fried shredded beef with pepper sauce
炒牛肉片 stir－fried sliced beef
青椒牛肉片 fried sliced beef with green chilli/chili pepper
茄汁牛肉片 fried sliced beef with tomato sauce
炒牛肉丝 stir－fried shredded beef
洋葱牛肉丝 fried shredded beef with onions
冬笋牛肉丝 fried beef shreds with bamboo shoots
菜尖牛肉丝 stir－fried shredded beef with mung bean sprouts
烤牛肉 broiled beef slices
煨牛肉 simmered beef
焖牛肉 braised beef
炖牛肉 braised beef
红焖牛肉 braised beef with soy sauce
蚝油牛肉 braised beef with oyster sauce
红烧牛腩 braised beef tenderloin chunks with soy sauce
红煨牛肉 stewed beef with soy sauce
红烧牛尾 stewed ox tail with brown sauce
红烧牛舌 stewed ox tongue with brown sauce
白汁牛筋 stewed ox tendon with white sauce
红烧牛尾 braised ox tail with soy sauce
红烧牛杂 braised beef offal with soy sauce
牛杂碎 cooked chopped beef offal; cooked chopped entrails of oxen
牛杂烩 cooked chopped beef offal; cooked chopped entrails of oxen
羊肉 mutton
炮羊肉 quick－fried mutton
红烧羊肉 braised mutton with soy sauce;
stewed mutton with brown sauce
烧羊肉 braised mutton with soy sauce; stewed mutton with brown sauce
红煨羊肉 braised mutton with soy sauce; stewed mutton with brown sauce
罐焖羊肉 braised mutton in pot; pot－braised mutton
白扣羊肉 plain boiled mutton
涮羊肉 instant boiled sliced mutton;
Mongol‘s hot pot; sliced mutton rinsed in chafing dish
烤羊肉 roast mutton
烤羊排 roast mutton chops
烤羊肉串 roasted mutton cubes on spit
芝麻羊肉 fried mutton with sesame
炒羊肚 fried lamb tripe
炸羊肉串 fried lamb shashlik
羊杂碎 cooked chopped entrails of sheep
羊杂烩 cooked chopped entrails of sheep
野味 game
五香兔肉 spicy sliced hare
冬笋炒兔片 stir－fried rabbit slices with bamboo shoots
红煤鹿肉 braised venison of the spotted deer with brown sauce
清炖鹿肉 braised venison in clear soup
红烧熊掌 braised bear‘s paw with soy sauce
炸田鸡腿 fried frog legs
豆豉田鸡腿 fried frog legs with fermented soya beans
炒鸡丁 stir－fried chicken cubes; stir－fried diced chicken
笋菇鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with bamboo shoots and mushrooms
宫爆鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with chilli/chili sauce and peanuts
辣酱鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with chilli/chili sauce
果仁鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with peanuts
酱爆鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with flour paste;
quick－fried diced chicken with soybean paste
辣子鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with green pepper
青椒鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with green pepper
豌豆鸡丁 stir－fried diced chicken with green peas
烩鸡丁口蘑 braised diced chicken with mushrooms
烩鸡丝 stewed shredded chicken
炒鸡丝 stir－fried shredded chicken with bamboo shoots
笋炒鸡丝 stir－fried shredded chicken with bamboo shoots
黄瓜炒鸡丝 stir－fried chicken shreds with cucumber shreds
炒鸡丝蛰皮 stir－fried chicken shreds with jelly fish
炒竹笋鸡脯 stir－fried chicken breast with bamboo shoots
熘鸡脯 quick－fried chicken breast with thick gravy
炒鸡片 stir－fried chicken slices with green pepper
炒鲜椒鸡片 stir－fried chicken slices with green pepper
炒竹笋鸡片 stir－fried chicken slices with bamboo shoots;
stir－fried sliced chicken with bamboo shoots
冬笋鸡片 stir－fried chicken slices with bamboo shoots;
stir－fried sliced chicken with bamboo shoots
火腿鸡片 stir－fried sliced chicken with ham
芙蓉鸡片 stir－fried sliced chicken with egg－white;
stir－fried chicken slices with egg－white sauce;
stir－fried chicken slices with egg－white puffs
凤肝鸡片 stir－fried sliced chicken with chicken liver
糖醋鸡条 fried sliced chicken with sweet and sour sauce
炸烹鸡条 grilled sliced chicken with sauce
双冬鸡条 braised sliced chicken with mushrooms and bamboo shoots
烩鸡丝豌豆 braised shredded chicken with peas
红烧鸡块 braised chicken chips with brown sauce
黄焖鸡块 braised chicken chips with brown sauce
焖鸡腿 braised chicken legs
罐焖鸡 braised chicken in pot; pot－braised chicken
沙锅鸡 stewed sliced chicken soup in earthen pot
栗子鸡 stewed chicken with chestnuts
栗子烧鸡 stewed chicken with chestnuts
沙锅栗子鸡 stewed chicken with chestnuts in earthen pot
炖栗子鸡 stewed chicken with chestnuts and green pepper
蚝油焖鸡 stewed chicken with oyster sauce
油豆腐鸡 stewed chicken with fried bean curd
油酥鸡 crisp fried chicken
香酥鸡 crisp deep－fried chicken
脆皮嫩鸡 crispy fried tender chicken
葡汁全鸡 braised chicken with wine sauce
蚝油手撕鸡 fried shredded chicken with oyster sauce
炸鸡 fried chicken
炸笋鸡 fried spring chicken; fried young chicken
炸笋鸡块 fried spring chicken pieces; fried young chicken pieces
炸笋鸡八块 fried spring chicken in eight pieces
炸仔鸡 fried young chicken
炸仔鸡块 fried young chicken pieces
软炸鸡 soft－fried chicken
炸纸包鸡 fried chicken in paper packets
醋熘子鸡 fried spring chicken with vinegar sauce
炸鸡卷 fried chicken rolls
炸鸡肉串 fried chicken shashlik
炸百花鸡 fried stuffed chicken breasts
烤鸡 roast chicken
辣酱烤鸡 roast chicken with chilli/chili sauce
盐烤鸡 salt roast chicken; roast chicken with salt
盐烙鸡 salt baked chicken; baked chicken with salt
香液鸡 boiled chicken with spicy sauce
八宝鸡 steamed rice stuffed chicken
醉鸡 steamed chicken with distilled grains; wined chicken
糟鸡 steamed chicken with distilled grains; wined chicken
草菇蒸鸡 steamed chicken with mushrooms
荷叶蒸鸡 steamed chicken in lotus leaf packets;
steamed chicken wrapped in lotus leaves
荷包栗子鸡 steamed chicken stuffed with chestnuts
粉蒸鸡 steamed chicken wrapped in flour
姜汁鸡 steamed tender chicken with ginger sauce
姜葱花雕鸡 steamed chicken with ginger and scallion
芝麻鸡 sesame chicken
芝麻鸡块 crunchy sesame chicken
咖哩鸡 curry chicken
豉椒鸡球 fried chicken meatballs with chilli/chili and bean sauce
菜炒鸡球 stir－fried chicken meatball with vegetables
白烩鸡翅 braised chicken wings with white sauce
黄焖鸡翼 braised chicken wings with brown sauce
蚝油鸡翼 boiled chicken wings with oyster sauce
冬笋焖胗 stewed gizzards with bamboo shoots
炒鸡什 stir－fried chicken giblets; fried chicken giblets
菜汤浸鸡 poached chicken with vegetables
清蒸滑鸡 steamed chopped chicken
蔬菜上汤鸡 steamed chicken with vegetables in clear soup
凤足炖冬菇 stewed chicken‘s feet with mushrooms in soup
原汤鲜陈肫 steamed fresh and dried chicken gizzards in soup
鸡肝土鱿 stir－fried chicken liver with cuttlefish and vegetables
2)鸭 duck
烤鸭 roast duck
香酥鸭 crisp deep－fried duck
锅烧鸭 fried duck
炖鸭 stewed duck
荷叶包鸭 steamed duck wrapped in lotus leaf
蚝油扒鸭 braised duck with oyster sauce
罐焖鸭 braised duck in pot; pot－braised duck
红烧全鸭 braised whole duck with soy sauce
红扒鸭子 braised duck with soy sauce
黄酒焖全鸭 braised duck with rice wine
黄焖葫芦鸭 braised duck in the shape of gourd with brown sauce
红糟鸭片 braised duck slices with wine sauce
白扒鸭条 braised duck slices with cream sauce
黄焖鸭块 braised duck cubes with brown sauce
冬瓜鸭块 braised duck cutlets with white gourd
豆豉鸭片 fried sliced duck with fermented soya beans
蚝油鸭片 fried duck slices with oyster sauce
酱爆鸭片 quick－fried duck slices with soybean paste
炒鸭心 fried duck hearts
炸鸭肝 fried duck liver; stir－fried duck liver
炸芝麻鸭肝 fried duck li
有没有人知道淡豆豉是什么做的?
八宝鸭 duck stuffed with the eight treasures
八宝冬瓜 eight jewelled white gourd
八宝豆腐 beancurd with eight delicious
八宝饭 steamed glutinous rice with eight treasures; eight treasures
八宝鸡 stuffed chicken
八宝鸡丁 eight treasures with diced chicken; diced chicken with assorted
八宝辣酱 eight treasures in hot sauce
八宝酿鸭 duck stuffed with eight delicacies
八宝蒸河鳗 steamed eel with eight treasures
八珍扒大鸭 stewed duck with chop suey
八珍扒鸭 eight-treasures braised ducking
八珍冬瓜盅 assorted meat soup with winter melon
八珍豆腐羹 beancurd ＆chop suey soup
白扒鲍鱼 braised abalone in white sauce
白八燕窝 swallow nest with white gravy
白扒鱼翅 shark's fin in white gravy
白饭 plain rice
白肺汤 pork lung soup
白扣羊肉 boiled mutton
白萝卜 white turnip
白切鸡 plain chicken
白切肉 boiled pork slices; sliced boiled pork
白油烘蛋 baked/crispy egg in white oil; golden omelet
白玉藏珍 winter melon surprise
白斩鸡 chopped cold (boiled) chicken; tender boiled chicken with soy
白汁全鱼 mandarin fish with white sauce
白杓玻璃虾 shrimps scalded with catchup
百花鸡 chicken with stuffed shrimps
百花酥鹑蛋 stuffed shrimps with quail eggs
百页肉丝 shredded pork ＆sliced minced leaf
百叶包肉 beancurd leaf rolls with minced pork
百叶肉丝 shredded pork ＆sliced beancurd leaf
拌干丝 beancurd noodles ＆celery salad
拌海蜇 jellyfish with soy sauce
拌黄瓜 fresh cucumber with bean sauce; mixed fresh cucumber
拌萝卜丝 mixed shredded turnip
拌三丝 mixed shreds (chicken ham; cucumber; meat; etc.)
拌鸭掌 duck webs with soy sauce
拌海蜇皮 mixed jellyfish salad
棒棒鸡 bon bon (steamed shredded) chicken
煲猪肉汤 stewed pork ＆vegetable soup
鲍鱼菇 grey mushroom (abalonelike)
鲍鱼鸡片汤 sliced chicken ＆abalone soup
鲍鱼芦笋汤 abalone ＆asparagus soup
爆牛肚 fried tripes
爆全丁 fried medley dish
爆三样 fried three kinds of meat
爆双脆 fried three kinds of meat
中国菜名英汉对照(2)
词语 解释
北京烤鸭 fried pork stomach ＆chicken gizzard
荸荠罐 Beijing (roast) duck
碧绿酿仙掌 shrimp-stuffed fairy feet
碧绿野鸡卷 stir-fried pork rolls with broccoli
碧玉珠虾 azure jade freshwater shrimp
冰糖肘子 pork joint stewed with rock sugar
冰汁银耳 white fungus in honey sauce
玻璃虾球 glassy shrimp beancurd with spinach
菠菜 spinach
菠菜豆腐 stewed beancurd with spinach
菠菜豆腐汤 spinach ＆beancurd soup
菠菜泥 chopped spinach with ham ＆carrots
菠菜汤 spinach soup
菠萝焗烧鸭 fried duck with pineapple
菠萝鸭片 sliced duck with prineapple
菜扒三菇 mushrooms with vegetables
菜饭 vegetable rice
菜脯煎蛋 omelet with salted ＆dried radish
菜干 dried vegetable
菜片鹌鹑松 minced quail with lettuce
菜心狮子头 greens ＆Chinese meatballs
菜心双元汤 soup of chicken and fish balls with vegetables
菜心素鳗 mustard green stem with vegetables
菜蘧鸡球 fried chicken balls with vegetables
菜蘧鸡球饭 rice with chicken balls ＆vegetable
菜蘧牛肉 fried beef with vegetables
菜蘧肉片汤 sliced pork ＆vegetable soup
菜蘧虾球 prawn balls with green kale
草菇 straw mushroom
草菇鲍鱼 abalone with button mushrooms
草菇菜心 cabbage heart with mushrooms; straw mushroom with stems of
mustard greens
草菇罐 canned straw mushrooms
叉烧肉 barbecued/broiled pork
叉烧肉鸡蛋花 barbecued pork with stuffed eggs
茶叶蛋 tea flavoured egg
长寿菜 longevity greens/mustard green
长寿面 long-life noodles
炒扁豆 stir-fried green beans
炒大虾 fried prawns
炒蛋 scrambled eggs
炒冬菇 fried mushrooms
炒豆苗 fried bean sprouts
炒肚尖 fried pig's tripe tip
炒饭 fried rice
炒甘蓝菜 fried kale
炒鸽松 fried minced pigeon
炒滑鱼球 fried fish balls
炒鸡蛋 scrambled egg
炒鸡丁 stir-fried chicken cubes
炒鸡什 fried chicken giblets
炒鸡丝 fried/stir-fried chicken shreds
中国菜名英汉对照(3)
词语 解释
炒腊肉 stir-fried smoked pork
炒龙虾片 fried sliced lobster
炒面 fried noodle
炒木须肉 stir-fried pork and eggs
炒牛肉丝 fried beef slices; fried shredded beef
炒肉丁 fried diced meat/pork; fried meat cubes
炒肉丝 fried pork shreds
炒软肝 fried liver
炒双脆 fried kidney with pork tripe
炒双冬 fried bamboo shoots with mushrooms
炒四件 fried chicken liver ＆giblets with fungus ＆bamboo shoots
炒虾球 fried shrimp balls
炒虾腰 fried shrimp ＆pig kidney
炒响玲 fried bell shaped pork
炒蟹粉 fried crab meal
炒蟹肉 fried crab meal
炒雪笋 fried bamboo shoots
炒羊肚 fried lamb tripe
炒腰花 stir-fried kidney with assorted vegetable
炒腰片 fried sliced (pork) kidney; fried sliced raw pig's kidney
炒鱼片 fried fish slices
炒玉兰片 stir-fried bamboo shoot slices
炒猪肝 fried pig's livers
炒鱿鱼 fried squid
炒鱿鱼卷 fried squid rolls
炒鱿鱼丝 fried shredded squid
炒鳝糊 fried eel paste
中国菜名英汉对照(4)
词语 解释
陈皮大虾 orange flavoured prawns
陈皮鸡 chicken with orange flavor; orange flavoured chicken
陈皮牛肉 beef with orange peel; orange flavoured chicken
陈皮子鸡 chenpi chicken; chicken fried with orange peel
成都子鸡 sauteed chicken; stir-fried chicken in Chengtu style
豉椒鸭片 fried sliced duck in chili bean sauce
豉汁牛肉 fried beef with soybean sauce
豉汁排骨 spareribs with soybean sauce
豉汁田鸡 fried frog with soybean sauce
臭豆腐 fried beancurd of strong odour
臭豆腐干 fried pungent beancurd
川椒炒白菜 stir-fried cabbage with peppers
川鸭掌 duck's feet soup
川翼洋菇 stuffed chicken wing soup
串烤牛仔 veal brochettes
鹑蛋猪肚汤 pork stomach soup with quail eggs
葱爆牛肉 sliced beef with scallions fried
葱烤排骨 spare-ribs with scallion
葱烧海参 scallion flavoured sea cucumbers
葱烧鸭 onions duck
葱烧鲫鱼 stewed carp with scallions
葱酥鲫鱼 braised crisp crucian carp
葱蒜炒双肝 stir-fried liver with scallions ＆garlic
葱油肥鸡 boiled chicken with onion oil
葱油烤鱼 roast fish with scallions
葱油淋嫩鸡 chicken steamed with scallions
醋辣鸡 chicken in sour and chilli sauce
醋溜白菜 cabbage with sweet ＆sour sauce
醋溜肥蟹 fried crabs with sweet ＆sour sauce
醋溜黄鱼 yellow fish with honey sauce; sweet ＆sour yellow fish
醋溜鱼卷 fish rolls in sour sauce
醋溜鱼片 fish slices in vinegar gravy; sweet ＆sour sliced fish
脆皮八宝鸭 crisp fried stuffed duck
脆皮豆腐 crispy-skinned beancurd
脆皮鳜鱼 fried mandarin fish in sour and sweet
脆皮鸡 crispy skinned chicken; chicken barbecued with spices; fried
脆皮全鱼 barbecued mandarin fish
脆皮乳鸽 roast spring pigeon
脆皮烧肥鸡 crispy-skin chicken
脆皮虾球 crisp shrimp balls
脆皮鸭 crispy skinned duck; duck barbecued with spices
脆皮鱼 fried crisp fish
脆皮炸腐角 deep-fried stuffed beancurd
脆皮鱿鱼 deep fried squids
脆皮鲳鱼 crispy pomfret
大地炒鸽松 stir-fried minced dove with bream
大红肠 bologna sausage
大黄瓜 cucumber
大龙虾沙拉 lobster salad
大卤面 boiled noodles with fungus; sliced pork ＆eggs
大拼盆 assorted cold dish
大肉面 pork noodles
大蒜鲶鱼 catfish with garlic
大头菜 black salted turnip
大闸蟹 steamed crab
带汤速煮面 instant noodles ＆soup base
蛋炒饭 fried rice with eggs
蛋花汤 soup of egg flakes
蛋饺 egg dumplings
蛋皮鱼卷 fried fish roll
灯笼鸡 chicken wrapped in cellophane/paper
冬菜 spiced cabbage
中国菜名英汉对照(5)
词语 解释
冬菇扒豆腐 braised Chinese mushrooms ＆beancurd
冬菇白菜 winter mushroom and Chinese cabbage
冬菇菜心 winter mushroom ＆mustard green stem
冬菇冬瓜汤 winter mushroom and winter melon soup
冬菇豆腐 beancurd with winter mushrooms
冬菇鸡片汤 sliced chicken ＆mushroom soup
冬菇扣肉 red-fried vegetarian pork with winter mushroom
冬菇汤 winter mushroom ＆duck giblet soup
冬菇鸭杂汤 white gourd
冬瓜 white gourd
冬瓜火腿夹 hamstuffed white gourd in broth
冬瓜三味汤 three-flavored white gourd soup
冬瓜鸭块 duck cutlets with white gourd
冬笋鸡片 fried sliced chicken with bamboo shoots
冻鸡 chicken in aspic
冻肉 cold pork; meat in aspic
冻肉卷 galantine
豆瓣鳜鱼 mandarin fish in chilli bean sauce
豆瓣酱 broad bean paste
豆瓣鲤鱼 carp braised with hot bean paste; crucian carp in chilli bean
sauce
豆瓣牛肉 beef in chilli bean sauce
豆瓣鸭块 duck cutlets in chilli sauce
豆包 wet skin of beancurd
豆腐 beancurd
豆腐干丝汤 dry beancurd shreds soup; shredded dried beancurd soup
豆腐海带汤 beancurd ＆kelp soup; beancurd ＆edible seaweed soup
豆腐花 uncongealed beancurd
豆腐脑 uncongealed beancurd
豆干 dried tofu
豆苗虾仁 fried shrimp with pea shoots; fried shrimp with bean-leaves
豆皮 skin of beancurd
豆豉生蚝 stir-fried oysters with black beans
豆豉虾仁 fresh shrimp with black beans
豆豉蒸鲤鱼 carp steamed with fermented black beans
豆豉蒸排骨 steamed spareribs with fermented black beans
炖鸭 stewed duck
炖猪脚 stewed pig's feet
耳环鱿鱼 squid-shreds in Sichuan style
发菜鱼翅 hair-like seaweed with shark fins
番瓜 pumpkin
中国菜名英汉对照(6)
词语 解释
蕃茄蛋花汤 tomato ＆egg soup
蕃茄豆腐汤 tomato ＆beancurd soup
蕃茄锅巴 tomato ＆pot-stuck rice
蕃茄牛肉饭 rice with tomato ＆beef
蕃茄鱼片 tomato ＆fish slices
蕃茄玉米汤 tomato ＆corn soup
方便面 instant noodles
翡翠牛肉丸 emerald-jade beef croquettes
翡翠乌鱼子 emerald-jade caviar
粉丝 mungbean noodle
粉蒸鸡 steamed chicken with rice flour
粉蒸肉 steamed pork with rice flour
风鸡 dry breezed chicken; dry-blown chicken
凤城炒鳝鱼丝 stir-fried eel shreds
凤肝菜胆 chicken livers with vegetables
凤肝鸽片 sliced pigeon ＆chicken liver
凤肝螺片 fried whelk slice ＆chicken livers
凤肝鲜鱿鱼 chicken livers with squid rolls
凤肝鲜鱿鱼卷 chicken liver ＆squid rolls
凤凰大拼盘 phoenix appetizer plate
凤尾虾 phoenix-tailed prawns
凤尾腰花 fried kidney
凤尾鱼 long-tailed anchovy
凤爪冬菇汤 mushroom ＆chicken feet soup
凤爪汤 vegetable chicken feet soup
凤爪冬菇汤 mushroom ＆chicken feet soup
凤爪甲鱼汤 turtle ＆chicken feet soup
芙蓉菜花 cauliflower with egg-white
芙蓉蛋 fried egg-white
芙蓉鸡片 chicken slices with egg-white; omelet chicken slices; sliced
chicken in egg-white sauce
芙蓉虾仁 shrimps with egg-white
芙蓉蟹肉 crab meat with egg-white sauce
芙蓉竹笋汤 Sichuan bamboo shoot and egg-white soup
中国菜名英汉对照(7)
词语 解释
腐乳 preserved beancurd; beancurd cheese
富贵火腿 vagabond ham
富贵鸡 steamed chicken with stuffing
干贝扒双球 vegetable balls with scallops
干贝炒蛋 fried eggs with scallops
干贝冬菇汤 scallop ＆mushroom soup
干贝丸子汤 scallop soup with meat cabbage
干贝鱼翅 shark's fin with scallops
干贝炖白菜 stewed dried scallops with cabbage
干扁牛肉丝 stir-fried beef with vegetable
干扁四季豆 dry-cooked string beans; fried string beans
干炒牛肉丝 stir-fried beef shreds
干炒四季豆 stir-fried string beans
干煎大明虾 sauteed prawns
干煎虾丸 dry fried shrimp balls
干烧比目鱼 turbot in chilli sauce
干烧冬笋 fried bamboo shoots in oil; pungent winter bamboo shoots
干烧鳜鱼 mandarin fish in chilli sauce
干烧黄鱼 fried yellow fish with pepper sauce
干烧鲤鱼 carp in chilli sauce
干烧龙虾 fried carp with chili sauce
干烧明虾 dry-fried sweet prawns; spicy stir-fried prawns; broiled prawns
with chili sauce
干烧牛肉 slow roasted beef
干烧茄子 dry-cooked pungent eggplant
干烧全鱼 fried mandarin fish with pepper sauce
干烧鲜鱼 fresh fish with pepper sauce
干烧鱼 fish in chilli sauce
干烧鱼翅 dry-cooked shark's fins
中国菜名英汉对照(8)
词语 解释
甘蓝菜 kale borecole
橄榄菜 kale borecole
高丽肉条 deep-fried pork strips Korean style
高丽虾丸 prawn balls in Korean style
鸽蛋 pigeon eggs
鸽蛋扒鸭 braised duck with pigeon eggs
鸽蛋肝汤 quail egg ＆liver soup
鸽蛋土司 toast fried with quail eggs
鸽汤 pigeon soup
蛤蜊汤 clam soup
蛤蜊蒸蛋 steamed eggs with clams
各式炒蛋 assorted omelets
公司汤 soup of the day
宫保鸡丁 chicken cubes with peanuts; diced chicken with paprika; diced
chicken in chilli sauce; stir-fried chicken with dried red pepper
宫保虾仁 pungent vegetarian shrimps
宫保鱿鱼 stir-fried squid rools
宫爆鸡丁 chicken cubes with peanuts; diced chicken with paprika; diced
chicken in chilli sauce; stir-fried chicken with dried red pepper
宫爆腰花 stir-fried kidney with chilli and peanuts
咕噜蜜肉 sweet ＆sour pork; Cantonese/Guangdong style
古老肉 fried pork in sweet and sour sauce
古老肉 sweet ＆sour boneless pork
挂绿虾丸 prawn balls with vegetable
怪味鸡 spiced chicken with a wonderful taste; chicken with special hot
怪味牛百叶 ox tripe of Sichuan style
罐头牛肉 canned beef
罐头碎牛肉 canned corned beef
罐焖鸭子 braised duck en casserole
罐焖羊肉 mutton en casserole
广东叉烧肉 Guangdong Cantonese roast pork
广东泡菜 Guangdong Cantonese pickled vegetable
广州炒饭 fried rice in Guangdong style
广州烩饭 steamed rice Guangdong style
贵妃斑鱼卷 stir-fried fish rolls with corn
贵妃鸡 chicken wings ＆legs braised in brown sauce; chicken wings
锅巴 crispy rice
锅巴海参 sea cucumbers in crisp rice
锅巴肉片 sliced meat with crispy rice; meat pieces with crispy rice
锅巴三鲜 soup of rice crust and three delicacies
锅巴虾仁 fried shrimps with crisp rice
锅巴虾仁 shrimp with crisp rice
锅烧羊肉 braised mutton
锅塌豆腐 baked beancurd
锅贴明虾 fried fresh prawns on toast
锅贴鸭 fried duck cutlets
锅贴鸭片 pan-baked steamed duck
中国菜名英汉对照(9)
词语 解释
海参 sea cucumber; [France] beche-de-mer
海参锅巴 sea cucumber with crispy rice
海米白菜 Chinese cabbage with dried shrimps
海米白菜汤 cabbage soup with dried shrimps
海堂百花菇 stuffed mushrooms with shrimp paste
海蜇皮 ( salted) jellyfish
海蜇双脆 crispy jellyfish
海鳝 sea sturgeon
蚝油焗鸡 stewed chicken with oyster sauce
蚝油扒凤翼 chicken wings with oyster sauce
蚝油扒鸭 grilled duck with oyster sauce
蚝油菜心 green cabbage in oyster sauce
蚝油叉烧 roast pork with oyster sauce
蚝油冬菇 fresh mushrooms with oyster sauce
蚝油鸡球 chicken balls with oyster sauce
蚝油鸡翼 chicken wings in oyster sauce
蚝油煎鸡脯 sauteed chicken with oyster sauce
蚝油牛肉 oyster sauce beef; stir-fried beef with oyster sauce; beef in
荷包蛋 poached eggs
荷叶米粉蒸肉 pork steamed with rice flour in lotus leaves
荷叶蒸鸡 steamed chicken wrapped in lotus leaves
核桃鸡丁 stir-fried chicken with walnuts; diced chicken with walnuts
合菜带帽 assorted vegetable covered with egg; fried various vegetable
红扒鱼翅 braised shark's fin
红萝卜 carrot
红烧鲍鱼 red-cooked abalone
红烧唇翅 shark's lip ＆fin in brown sauce
红烧豆腐 beancurd with brown sauce; red-cooked beancurd pieces
红烧肚子 stewed pork tripe
红烧对虾 stewed prawns in soya sauce
红烧干贝 stewed scallops with brown sauce
红烧广肚 shark's tripe braised in brown sauce
红烧海参 sea cucumbers braised in brown sauce; red-cooked sea cucumber
红烧河鳗 braised eel with brown sauce
红烧黄鱼 red-cooked yellow fish
红烧鸡 braised chicken
红烧甲鱼 turtle in brown sauce
红烧面结 carp in brown knots
红烧明虾 fried prawns braised in brown sauce; fried prawns with brown
红烧牛肉 beef with brown sauce; braised beef
红烧牛杂拌 braised beef offal
红烧牛腩 stewed beef tenderloin chunks
红烧排骨 spareribs braised in brown sauce; red-cooked spareribs
红烧茄子 red-cooked eggplant
红烧全鸭 braised whole duck in soy sauce
红烧全鱼 mandarin fish with brown sauce
红烧肉 braised pork; pork braised in brown sauce; stewed pork with
brown sauce; red-cooked pork
红烧狮子头 pork balls stewed in brown sauce
红烧啼筋 braised pork tendons
中国菜名英汉对照(10)
词语 解释
红烧丸子 stewed meat balls
红烧鸭 duck with brown sauce
红烧羊肉 stewed mutton
红烧鱼 fish in brown sauce
红烧鱼翅 braised shark's fins; shark's fin in brown sauce; stewed
红烧鱼肚 braised fish maw; fish tripe with brown sauce
红烧鱼头 stewed fish head with brown sauce
红烧鱼丸 fish balls with/in brown sauce
红烧鱼圆 fish balls with/in brown sauce
红烧鳗鱼 braised congo eel
红油肚丁 pork tripe with hot pepper oil
红油鸡丁 diced chicken with hot sauce
红油鸡块 cold chicken appetizer with hot sauce
红油鸭掌 duck webs in chilli sauce
红油鱼肚 fish maw in chilli sauce
红糟鸭片 duck slices in wine sauce
红枣小鸡 dried red dates with vegetable chicken
红焖牛肉 braised beef
红焖笋尖 braised bamboo shoots tips
红焖肘子 braised pork joint
红焖猪腿 braised leg of pork
红煨牛肉 stewed beef
红煨羊肉 haricot mutton
葫芦八宝鸡 gourd-shaped chicken with stuffing
胡瓜 pickled cucumbers
蝴蝶大拼盘 butterfly appetizer
蝴蝶明虾 prawns with mushrooms
虎皮鹑蛋 wrapped quail eggs
花灯大拼盘 colored lantern appetizer plate
花瓜 pickled cucumbers
花瓜炖鸡 chicken ＆pickled cucumber stew
花椒牛肉 cayenne beef
花生酱 peanut butter/paste
花生蒸肉 steamed pork with peanuts
滑蛋牛肉 fried beef with scrambled eggs
滑蛋牛肉饭 rice with sliced beef ＆eggs
滑蛋鱼片 fried fish pieces with scrambled eggs
滑溜里脊 pork slices with gravy
滑牛肉丸汤 beef ball soup
滑肉片 sliced pork with cream sauce
滑肉汤面 boiled noodles with pork
滑鱼片汤 sliced fish soup
黄豆芽 yellow soybean sprout
黄瓜滑肉片汤 cucumber ＆sliced meat soup
黄酒焖全鸭 braised duck in rice wine
黄酒焖猪排 braised pork chops in rice wine
黄鱼羹 yellow fish soup
回锅肉 double-cooked pork slices; stir-fried boiled pork slices in hot
回锅鱼翅 double-cooked shark's fin
烩红椒 red peppers in gravy
烩鸡丝 chicken shreds with peas
烩鸭丝 duckling shreds ＆mixed vegetable soup
烩鸭掌 braised duck feet/webs
火锅 chafing dish
火腿 ham (pork); Chinese ham (pork)
叫豆豉，当然是豆子了
把黄豆发了，然后加料做成豆豉。
下面是根据你要求复制的“越详细越好”
词目：豆豉 拼音：dòu chǐ 基本解释 [fermented soya beans;black bean sauce] 把黄豆或黑豆泡透蒸熟或煮熟,经过发酵而成的食品,可以调味,也可入药 详细解释 一种豆制食品。一般用大豆或黑豆蒸煮以后，经发酵制成，多用于调味。 北魏 贾思勰 《齐民要术·作豉》“作麦豉法”自注：“香美乃胜豆豉。” 杨明显 《故都风味小吃》：“它（指卤煮小肠）的作法是……用清水淘洗几次，然后用一百度开的沸水煮，配上去腥味的八角茴香，花椒大料瓣儿，快熟时再放落上好的口蘑酱油，豆豉。”
[编辑本段]豆豉的药用和营养价值
豆豉（音chǐ ）是一种用黄豆或黑豆泡透蒸（煮）熟，发酵制成的食品，主要产于重庆市永川区，重庆没有直辖以前（四川省永川市）。 豆豉，是我国传统发酵豆制品。古代称豆豉为“幽菽”，也叫“嗜”。最早的记载见于汉代刘熙《释名·释饮食》一书中，誉豆豉为“五味调和，需之而成”。公元2至5世纪的《食经》一书中还有“作豉法”的记载。古人不但把豆豉用于调味，而且用于入药，对它极为看重。《汉书》、《史记》、《齐民要术》、《本草纲目》等，都有此记载。据记载，豆豉的生产，最早是由江西泰和县流传开来的，后经不断发展和提高，使豆豉成为独具特色，成为人们所喜爱的调味佳品，而且传到海外。我国台湾人称豆豉为“荫豉”，日本人称豆豉为“纳豉”，东南亚各国也普遍食用豆豉。 豆豉按原料分有“黑豆豆豉”和“黄豆豆豉”两种。以黑褐色或黄褐色、鲜美可口、咸淡适中、回甜化渣、具豆豉特有豉香气者为佳。 豆豉含有丰富的蛋白质 (20％)、脂肪(7％)和碳水化合物 (25％)，且含有人体所需的多种氨基酸，还含有多种矿物质和维生素等营养物质。 豆豉还以其特有的香气使人增加食欲，促进吸收。我国在抗美援朝战争中，曾大量生产豆豉供应志愿军食用。 豆豉不仅能调味，而且可以入药。中医学认为豆豉性平，味甘微苦，有发汗解表、清热透疹、宽中除烦、宣郁解毒之效，可治感冒头痛、胸闷烦呕、伤寒寒热及食物中毒等病症。 豆豉一直广泛使用于中国烹调之中。可用豆豉拌上麻油及其他作料作助餐小菜；用豆豉与豆腐、茄子、芋头、萝卜等烹制菜肴别有风味；著名的“麻婆豆腐”、“炒回锅肉”等均少不了用豆豉作调料。广东人更喜欢用豆豉作调料烹调粤菜，如“豉汁排骨”、“豆豉鲮鱼”和焖鸡、鸭、猪肉、牛肉等，尤其是炒田螺时用豆豉作调料，风味更佳。 豆豉用陶瓷器皿密封盛载为宜。这样可保存较长时间，香气也不会散发掉。但忌生水入侵，以防豆豉发霉变质。 我国较为有名的豆豉有：广东阳江豆豉、开封西瓜豆豉、广西黄姚豆豉、山东八宝豆豉、四川潼川豆豉和永川豆豉、湖南浏阳豆豉等、陕西汉中香辣豆豉和风干豆豉等。
[编辑本段]豆豉的性味归经和宜忌
性味性平，味咸。 归经归肺、胃经。 功效和胃，除烦，解腥毒，去寒热。 宜：豆豉作为家常调味品，适合烹饪鱼肉时解腥调味。豆豉又是一味中药，风寒感冒，怕冷发热，寒热头痛，鼻塞喷嚏，腹痛吐泻者宜食；胸膈满闷，心中烦躁者宜食。 忌：豆豉性味平和，诸无所忌。
[编辑本段]豆豉加工工艺及质量标准
豆豉富含蛋白质、各种氨基酸、乳酸、磷、镁、钙及多种维生素，色香味美，具有一定的保健作用，我国南北部都有加工食用。但若不注意加工艺，会致使品质下降，甚至霉变，造成经济损失。 一、工艺流程 黑豆→筛选→洗涤→浸泡→沥干（TY－Ⅱ）→蒸煮→冷却→接种→制曲→洗豉→浸FeSO4→拌盐→发酵→晾干→成品（干豆豉） 二、操作要点 （一）原料处理1．原料筛选:择成熟充分、颗粒饱满均匀、皮薄肉多、无虫蚀、无霉烂变质、并且有一定新鲜度的黑大豆为宜。2．洗涤: 用少量水多次洗去大豆中混有的砂粒杂质等。3．浸泡: 浸泡的目的是使黑豆吸收一定水分，以便在蒸料时迅速达到适度变性；使淀粉质易于糊化，溶出霉菌所需要的营养成分；供给霉菌生长所必需的水分。浸泡时间不宜过短。当大豆吸收率<67％时，制曲过程明显延长，且经发酵后制成的豆豉不松软。若浸泡时间延长，吸收率>95％时，大豆吸水过多而胀破失去完整性，制曲时会发生“烧曲”现象。经发酵后制成的豆豉味苦，且易霉烂变质。因此，我们在生产加工中应选择浸泡条件为40℃、150分钟，使大豆粒吸收率在82％，此时大豆体积膨胀率为130％。4．蒸煮:蒸煮目的是破坏大豆内部分子结构，使蛋白质适度变性，易于水解，淀粉达到糊化程度，同时可起到灭菌的作用。确定蒸煮条件为1kgf／cm2，15分钟或常压150分钟。 （二）制曲制曲的目的是使煮熟的豆粒在霉菌的作用下产生相应的酶系。在酿造过程中产生丰富的代谢产物，使豆豉具有鲜美的滋味和独特风味。 把蒸煮后大豆出锅，冷却至35℃左右，接种沪酿3·042或TY－Ⅱ，接种量为0．5％，拌匀入室，保持室温28℃，16小时后每隔6小时观察。制曲22小时左右进行第一次翻曲，翻曲主要是疏松曲料，增加空隙，减少阻力，调节品温，防止温度升高而引起烧曲或杂菌污染。28小时进行第二次翻曲。翻曲适时能提高制曲质量，翻曲过早会使发芽的孢子受抑，翻曲过迟，会因曲料升温引起细菌污染或烧曲。当曲料布满菌丝和**孢子时，即可出曲。一般制曲时间为34小时。 （三）发酵豆豉的发酵，就是利用制曲过程中产生的蛋白酶分解豆中的蛋白质，形成一定量的氨基酸、糖类等物质，赋予豆豉固有的风味。 1．洗豉：豆豉成曲表面附着许多孢子和菌丝，含有丰富的蛋白质和酶类，如果孢子和菌丝不经洗除，继续残留在成曲的表面，经发酵水解后，部分可溶和水解，但很大部分仍以孢子和菌丝的形态附着在豆曲表面，特别是孢子有苦涩味，会给豆豉带来苦涩味，并造成色泽暗淡。 2．加青矾，使豆变成黑色，同时增加光亮。 3．浸焖：向成曲中加入18％的食盐、0．02％的青矾和适量水，以刚好齐曲面为宜，浸焖12小时。 4．发酵：将处理好的豆曲装入罐中至八、九成满，装时层层压实，置于28℃～32℃恒温室中保温发酵。发酵时间控制在15天左右。 （四）晾干豆豉发酵完毕，从罐中取出置于一定温度的空中晾干，即为成品。 三、质量标准 （一）感官指标 1．色泽：黑褐色、油润光亮。 2．香气：酱香、酯香浓郁无不良气味。 3．滋味：鲜美、咸淡可口，无苦涩味。 4．体态：颗粒完整、松散、质地较硬。 （二）理化指标 1．水分：不低于18．54％；2．蛋白质：27．61g／100g；3．氨基酸：1．6g／100g；4．总酸（以乳酸计）3．11g／100g；5．盐分（以氯化钠计）14g／100g；6．非盐固形物：29g／100g；7．还原糖（以葡萄糖计）：2．09g／100g。
[编辑本段]相关历史
豆豉约创制于春秋、战国之际。《楚辞.招魂》中有“大苦咸酸”，根据注释大苦即为豆豉。另有一种说法认为先秦文献无豆豉，当是秦汉之际出现。《史记.货殖列传》始见豆豉记述。 《齐民要术》载有制作豆豉的技法。东汉开始用作药物。以后历代食籍、药籍均有关于豆豉的记述。至今仍为重要调味料之一。唐代时，豆豉传入日本，成为纳豆。
